Duma Boko

Advocate Duma Gideon Boko (born 31 December 1969) is a Botswana politician and lawyer currently serving as President of Botswana since 1 November 2024 and as leader of the Umbrella for Democratic Change since 2012. He served as the Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly from 2014 to 2019.

His Excellency Duma Boko
Boko in 2020
6th President of Botswana
Incumbent
Assumed office 1 November 2024
Vice President	(designate)
Preceded by	Mokgweetsi Masisi
President of the UDC
Incumbent
Assumed office November 2012
Leader of the Opposition
In office 25 October 2014 – 28 August 2019
Preceded by	Dumelang Saleshando
Succeeded by	Dumelang Saleshando
Personal details
Born	Duma Gideon Boko (1969-12-31) 31 December 1969 (age 54) Mahalapye, Botswana
Political party	Botswana National Front
Other political affiliations	Umbrella for Democratic Change
Spouse	Kaone Boko
Residence	Gaborone
Alma mater	University of Botswana (LLB) Harvard Law School (LLM)
Profession	Politician lawyer professor

Duma Boko attained the presidency of the BNF in 2010. He led the creation of the Umbrella for Democratic Change, an alliance of the main opposition parties in Botswana. He ran as the alliance's president in Botswana's general elections in 2014 and 2019. At the 2024 election, he led his party to victory and was sworn in as President of Botswana on 1 November 2024.

Early life

Boko's father worked as a lecturer at Madiba Brigades. He died in 2004. Duma has a sister, Emma Boko.

In 1987, Boko studied law at University of Botswana (UB). He was elected to the Student Representative Council (SRC). Among his law classmates were High Court judges Michael Leburu, Key Dingake, Bengbame Sechele and Lot Moroka. After graduating in 1993, he attended Harvard Law School, where he obtained a Master of Laws degree.

Career

Boko returned to teach law at UB from 1993 to 2003, while also running a law firm. In the early 2000s, he wrote a column in the newspaper The Monitor in which he claimed that judges were not intellectually progressive. He expressed frustration that academics and judges were not doing enough research to make informed judgements.

Politics

Boko became the leader of the Botswana National Front (BNF) in 2010. His position and party membership was challenged on the grounds that when the BNF split in 2000, he had become a founding member of the National Democratic Front (NDF). If proven, this would, according to the BNF constitution, disqualify him from a leadership position in the party for three years after rejoining it. He prevailed in court. He inherited a party that was in decline under the leadership of Otsweletse Moupo.

The BNF came together with the newly formed Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD), a splinter of the Botswana Democratic Party, and the Botswana Peoples Party to form the Umbrella for Democratic Change. Some BNF members were strongly against the coalition, arguing that the exercise would make their party disappear. Lawsuits against Boko and his central committee were filed before the High Court. Boko and the BNF won all the court challenges.

2014 general election

In the 2014 general election, Duma Boko led the UDC to a second-place finish in the National Assembly, winning 17 seats to the Botswana Democratic Party's (BDP) 37.^{[dead link]} Boko became the leader of the Opposition.

2019 general election

In the 2019 general election, Boko was defeated by Anna Mokgethi of the BDP in the Gaborone Bonnington North constituency. As a result of his defeat, he lost his title of Leader of the Opposition in the 12th National Assembly.

Claims of vote rigging in the 2019 general election

Boko has claimed that during the 2019 general election, there was massive vote rigging and fraud by the BDP to favour President Mokgweetsi Masisi. The current evidence is the discontinuation of election ink and an excess of voter's registration cards.

2024 general election

Despite both the Botswana Congress Party and Botswana Patriotic Front leaving the UDC, Boko's party, and the opposition as a whole, were able to take a majority of seats in the elections, thus making him the president-elect. He was sworn into office on November 1.

Publications

• Boko, D.G. (1998) Towards a Compensatory Approach to Redressing Constitutional Violations in Botswana. The Zimbabwe Law Review (ZLRev), vol. 15, (pp. 120–133). UZ, Mt. Pleasant, Harare: Faculty of Law (UZ).
• Boko, D.G. (2002). Integrating the Basarwa under Botswana's Remote Area Development Programme: Empowerment or marginalisation?. Australian Journal of Human Rights, 8(2), pp. 153–171.
• Boko, D.G. Fair Trial and the Customary Courts in Botswana: Questions on Legal Representation. Criminal Law Forum 11, 445–460 (2000). doi:10.1023/A:1016667617539.

References

1. "Duma Boko sworn in as Botswana's new president". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
2. Independent Electoral Commission – Botswana National Assembly, 2014
3. Tafa, Abednego B.; Zuze, Keireng A. (2 December 2019). Report to the Minister for Presidential Affairs, Governance and Public Administration on the 2019 General Elections (PDF) (Report). Independent Electoral Commission Batswana. p. 19. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
4. Kupemba, Danai Nesta (2 November 2024). "Botswana's politician who did the unthinkable". BBC News. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
5. "Meet Your Hero. President Duma Gideon Boko. UDC Presidential Candidate Botswana". Democracy Heroes Award. Archived from the original on 5 March 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
6. Mathala, Sharon (8 September 2017). "The loo flushes away BMD'S woes". The Voice. Archived from the original on 20 February 2018. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
7. "President Duma Boko". Umbrella for Democratic change. UDC. Archived from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
8. "Mmegi Online :: Boko victorious; elected BNF president". Mmegi Online. 22 July 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
9. "BNF backs Boko's membership claim". Sunday Standard. 11 July 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
10. "Brief History | UDC". www.udc.org.bw. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
11. Mehler, Andreas (1 January 2013). "V. Central Africa". Africa Yearbook Volume 9. BRILL. pp. 451–454. doi:10.1163/9789004256002_006. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.
12. Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (29 July 2019). "Boko Wins 'Principal Residence' Objection Case". Mmegi Online. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
13. "Elections Botswana". Elections Botswana. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
14. Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (18 November 2019). "Duma Boko Petitions Constituency Election Outcome". Mmegi Online. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
15. "Massive vote rigging uncovered in Botswana elections, claims opposition leader Duma Boko". News24. 5 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
16. Benza, Brian (1 November 2024). "Botswana voters kick out ruling party of nearly six decades". Reuters. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
17. Roberts, Brownwen (1 November 2024). "Botswana's new president sworn in after historic election upset". Yahoo News. Retrieved 1 November 2024.

Political offices
Preceded by Mokgweetsi Masisi	President of Botswana 2024–present	Incumbent